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1987 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 57(1):1-33 The History and Archaeology of Immanuel Episcopal Church, New Castle, Delaware Daniel G. Roberts |
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A devastating fire at Immanuel Episcopal Church provided an
opportunity to archaeologically investigate a major 18th century
institution in New Castle, Delaware, that otherwise would not have
been possible. This paper documents the archaeological investigation
undertaken during reconstruction activities at the church, and
interfaces the archaeological data with historical events associated
not only with the church, but also with the site prior to the
construction of the church in the first decade of the 18th century.
In addition, certain behavioral interpretations are drawn from the
archaeological data which provide additional insight into the
possible use of the church sanctuary during the 18th and 19th
centuries for functions other than those strictly liturgical
activities normally associated with such space. |
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1987 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 57(2):1-77 Cultural Manifestations at the Friendsville Site in Garrett County, Maryland Hettie Boyce-Ballweber |
| Since it was first reported as an Indian camp in the mid 18th
century, the Friendsville site (18GA23) in Garrett County, Maryland,
has been of interest to local residents and professional
archeologists. More recently the site was tested several different
times and finally, in advance of highway construction, salvage
excavation indicated that the site, situated on one of the few wide
floodplains of the Youghiogheny River, was differentially utilized
and occupied over intermittent periods of time throughout
prehistory. Of particular research interest was a Late Woodland
village component which yielded limestone, shell, and hematite
tempered pottery. Based on radiocarbon dates from charcoal found in
features, the site is considered to be an early manifestation of the
Monongahela culture representing a transition in ceramic technology
from Watson limestone tempered ware to Monongahela shell tempered
ware. Based on a comparison of radiocarbon dates and pottery
tempering mediums from other Upper Ohio Valley Monongahela sites,
the Friendsville site appears to be a part of the developing
Monongahela culture sphere influenced from the north and west rather
than a Potomac Valley entity. There does not appear to be an
association with the Monongahela Somerset Phase sites located on the
Somerset Plateau. |
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