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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(1-2):1-14 The Implications of Two Recent Radiocarbon Dates from Montrose Point on the Lower Hudson River Louis A . Brennan |
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The principal problem of lower Hudson Valley prehistory has been its
Archaic Evidence is presented to indicate this resulted, not from
lack of evidence , but from a concealment of evidence by inundation
and megalopolitan sprawl, and by human distortion of inconclusive
evidence from other areas. Data supported by radiocarbon assays
indicate that the Archaic pattern originated in the south and spread
northward with the moderating climate behind the retreat of the
Pleistocene ice, and that it may have coexisted for a time in the
north with, but independent from, a Paleo-derived tradition
represented by lanceolate-triangular points. The derivation of
diverse point types from common time levels casts doubt on the dogma
of constructing sequences on differences in projectile point
configurations alone. |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(1-2):15-26 Some caches and So-called Caches from Eastern Pennsylvania Catherine McCann |
| The purpose of this paper is two-fold: to suggest that the word
cache be used more precisely, and to record a few groups of
artifacts usually designated by that term. A few deposits of
artifacts known as caches are briefly described. All are from
eastern Pennsylvania. It is hoped that calling attention to these
groups of artifacts, and especially to the inadequacies in our
knowledge of them, will lead to more careful field work when such
deposits are encountered, and to more adequate reporting of them. |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(1-2):27-61 Two Stratified Alluvial Sites in the Upper Hudson Valley Robert E. Funk & Philip Lord, Jr. |
| The Coffin and Church sites, both located on the flood plain of
the upper Hudson River, yielded data on buried occupations
affiliated with the Orient culture of Long Island. The top level
component at Coffin 's represented the Oak Hill stage of Late
Woodland ceramic development. There were probable traces of Archaic
sojourns at both sites. The Transitional (Orient-like) occupation at
Coffin's has acceptable radiocarbon dates of 870 B.C. and 1090 B.C.
An anomalous date of 1980 B.C. at the Church Site appears to reflect
sample mixture with an Archaic component. Both stations produced
useful information on settlement and subsistence patterns. |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(1-2):63-70 Birdstones, Boatstones, and Bar Amulets from the Susquehanna Drainage Ira F. Smith, III |
| A record of birdstones, boatstones, and bar amulets was
maintained as part of a larger study while examining nearly 65 of
the more significant private and institutional collections from the
portion of Pennsylvania drained by the various branches of the
Susquehanna River. This area includes the Juniata River sub drainage
region west into Bedford County, the West Branch Susquehanna west
into Clearfield County, the North Branch Susquehanna to the northern
border of Bradford County, and the lower Susquehanna to the
Pennsylvania-Maryland border. The following tabulation resulted from
this survey and from a search of the pertinent literature. |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(3):1-15 The Reflection of Patterned Behavior in Iroquois Pottery Decoration William Engelbrecht |
| This study sought ceramic reflection of the formation of the
League of the Iroquois. This was not found, and a reading of
secondary historic sources that the League was not formed after the
period of time covered by the ceramic analysis. Ceramic patterning
within and between Iroquois village sites is observed, and it is
argued that this patterning reflects female intertribal trade. |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(3):16-30 |
| This paper is an account of the excavation of a rockshelter in
Frederick County, Maryland which bands of people had visited
sporadically from Archaic to Late Woodland times. The varied
materials are illustrated and described. |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(3):31-36 |
| Attention is called to a small, triangular chipped stone
artifact, herein referred to as a "humpbacked" knife, which occurs
commonly in late prehistoric contexts in the upper Ohio Valley but
which has previously gone essentially unrecognized in this area.
These implements are described and their distribution, age, and
cultural associations in the eastern United States are examined. |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(3):37-44 |
| The Rainbow Rocks Petroglyphs Site (36-Ve-20) is described,
illustrated, and discussed in terms of other petroglyph sites in the
Upper Ohio Valley. |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(3):45-58 |
| A small log house site close to Fort Burd, English defense work
built in 1759 was excavated in expectations of finding 18th century
cultural materials. The ambiguity of deeds, wills, tax records, and
other legal documents rendered them inconclusive in tracing the
history of the house and 1ts occupancy. Implied is the probability
that this may be a problem in many historic-site investigations.
materials recovered, especially ceramics, inducate a construction
date of 1820-1840 for the house, and a modest socioeconomic level
for its occupants. |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(3):59-69 |
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This study focuses on the trends of inquiry and controversy that
characterized the early research into the problem of man's antiquity
in America. As will be seen, opinions concerning this problem were
by no means static, nor even in agreement at any time, until the
Folsom finds settled the issue. |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(4):1-19 |
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Problems in the study of Archaic cultures in the Northeast are
discussed. A broad approach of cultural interpretation rather than
simply technological or typological studies is urged with special
attention being given to environmental data. In particular, the
present paper suggests rough correlation of Archaic populations with
five environmental zones of the Northeast. Archaic culture area
distributions are presented for the Early and Middle Archaic and for
several 500 year intervals in the Late Archaic, showing the growth,
development, and interrelationships between these regions. The role
of the northern mixed forest zone stretching from the Great
Lakes to the Atlantic coast is seen as an important factor in
producing the complex cultural geography of these Northeastern
Indian populations. |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(4):23-25 |
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Brinton's well-known Lenape Dictionary, often quoted by Pennsylvania
ethnohistorians, must be regarded as a curious example of a
collection of words in two Lenape dialects not mutually
comprehensible. The finding of a post-publication annotated by the
author's chief informant reveals that there are numerous errors in
the published dictionary . |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(4):26-28 |
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The previously reported Lyman Site (33La2) radiocarbon date of 2090
B.C. 1s corrected to 2090 B.P. Likewise , in view of the corrected
date, the site's position in the Late Prehistoric period is
examined. |
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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(4):29-35 |
| The only chipped stone tool type found on published Monongahela
trait lists has been triangular projectile points. A knife form
found during the 1971 excavation of the Ryan Site, Westmoreland
County, Pennsylvania, and called the Ryan Notched Knife is
considered to be a Monongahela artifact type. It is that these
knives are actually points made originally earlier peoples. The most
distinguishing of the knives is the asymmetrical outline
accomplished in the preparation of a single or primary edge. Some
examples have a tang removed on the same side as the primary edge
and some are (humped) on the blade surface. |
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