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1990 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 60(1):1-31 Airport II Site: A Clemson Island/Owasco Settlement on the North Branch of the Susquehanna River No.1 Francis D. Garrahan |
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The partial excavation of the Airport II site (36LU77) has brought
to light the existence of a Late Woodland Clemson Island/Owasco
settlement of significant size and diversity. During the excavation,
numerous pit features, several overlapping house patterns, and a
stockade were recorded . Parallels between the nature of this
settlement and those of northern Owasco cultures are examined. |
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1990 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 60(1):32-68 Archaeology at the Howarth-Nelson Site (36 FA40), Fayette County, Pennsylvania ].M. Adovasio, K.]. Shaunessy, W.C. Johnson, W.P. Athens, A.T . Boldurian, R.C. Carlisle,D .C. Dirkmaat,]. Donahue,D .R. Fedler, and E .J. Siemon III |
| From August 1985 through June 1986, the Cultural Resource
Management Program, University of Pittsburgh, conducted
archaeological excavations at the Howarth-Nelson site (36FA40), a
Late Prehistoric period multicomponent Monongahela village site west
of Connellsville in Fayette County, Pennsylvania. The site occupies
a saddle between two high spurs above the west bank of the
Youghiogheny River. Texas Eastern Gas Pipeline Company of Houston,
Texas, sponsored the 10 months of field work and continues to
sponsor the report preparation and ongoing analysis of the more than
163,921 recovered artifacts. State-of-the-art archaeological
techniques were employed in excavating the site. Portable heated
structures allowed the work to go on during Pennsylvania's bitter
winter months, and interior lighting permitted work around the
clock. Prior to excavation, surface artifacts were mapped in place
using a Set 10 Tacheometer and were then collected. A soil
resistivity survey helped to determine the locations of pits and
other subsurface features. During excavation of that part of the
site crossed by a Texas Eastern pipeline right-of-way, 668 m2 (7,
182.8 ft2) of soil were removed, primarily by hand excavation,
although judicious machine stripping of portions of the plowzone was
also employed . The recovered artifacts include: 104,450 pottery
sherds, 9,478 flaked stone artifacts, 92 ground stone artifacts,
1,525 fire-cracked rocks, 44,149 bone specimens, 616 plant remains,
and 3,134 Historic Period artifacts. The carbonized remains of
grass, twined mats, and basketry also were recovered . More than 160
fire pits storage pits refuse pits and structures were defined, as
were the outlines of at least six Monongahela houses. |
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1990 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 60(1):69-76 Late Woodland Notched Disks of the Upper Delaware Valley F. Dayton Staats |
| Notched disks fashioned from shale and sandstone are common on
Late Woodland river terrace sites in the upper Delaware Valley.
Various uses have been proposed for these stone objects, but it is
the general consensus that the majority of them served as weights
for fishnets that were deployed in the river by Native Americans.
This supposition is based on the fact that the disks are indigenous
to riverine sites and commonly occur in groups or caches that
suggest they were used collectively. Described are individual caches
and two general categories of netsinkers. Also included are
observations of uniformities noted in upper Delaware River caches of
disks. |
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1990 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 60(1): 77-78 |
| An Adena Robbins biface cache (Lukens Cache) from Portage
County, Ohio, has been lost to archaeology. |
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1990 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 60(1):79-107 Clemson's Island Studies in Pennsylvania: A Perspective Michael Stewart |
| Research and hypotheses bearing on Clemson's Island ceramics,
chronology, settlement and subsistence patterns, origins, regional
relationships, and antecedents are summarized and updated. Clemson's
Island culture is related to later portions of the Middle Woodland
and early segments of the Late Woodland periods of Pennsylvania
prehistory. |
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1990 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 60(2):1-31 Ceramics from an Iron Makers' Cabin (1816-1820), Muskingum County, Ohio Jeff Carskadden, James Morton, and Richard Gartley |
| The Symmes Creek Iron Furnace, Muskingum County, Ohio, was in
blast sometime between 1816 and the end of 1820. Recent excavations
undertaken around four cabin sites associated with the furnace
complex yielded a ceramic sample consisting of imported refined
earthenwares and porce lain, as well as examples of redware vessels
probably manufactured in nearby Zanesville. In spite of the
precarious financial circumstances surrounding the short-lived
opera tion, price indexing of the ceramics suggests a rather high
socioeconomic status for at least some of the workers living in the
15 x 15 foot cabins at this relatively remote site. The proximity of
the cabins to the furnace, and the presence of high status ceramics
suggest that the cabins might have been occupied by the smelters,
guttermen, and fillers, all highly skilled and highly paid people
who would have lived at the site when the furnace was in blast. |
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1990 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 60(2):40-70 |
| Habitation patterns and artifacts are described for the 16th
century Household site, a Monongahela village in West moreland
County, Pennsylvania, that was partially excavated in 1980 by The
Carnegie Museum of Natural History and volunteers. Several lines of
evidence suggest the village residents were interacting with Fort
Ancient people on a less than friendly basis. A Monongahela charnal
house and at tached appendage features, some with mini-postmolds,
are described. |
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1990 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 60(2):71-74 |
| Shawnee Indians once lived very close to the site of American
Indian petroglyphs at Safe Harbor, Pennsylvania. This and other
coincidences suggest that the petroglyphs were carved by the
Shawnee. |
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