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1988 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 58(1):1-6 The Rich Hill Rockshelter, 36BU35 William Strohmeier |
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Described is the excavation of a Bucks County, Pennsylvania,
rockshelter. Analysis of the artifacts indicates that this station
saw occasional, limited use from Archaic to Late Woodland times |
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1988 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 58(1):7-25 Prehistoric Utilization of Ironstone in the Central Middle Atlantic H. Henry Ward |
| Artifacts made from ironstone, or iron-cemented sandstone, are
found on archaeological sites in the Upper Chesapeake Bay region.
Ironstone use is part of a specialized technological complex which
includes a systematic plate-core biface reduction strategy, the
exclusive production of a stylistically limited range of large
stemmed bifacial tools, a tightly circumscribed chronological
association with the Late Archaic/ Early Woodland period, and a
primary specialized functional application as heavy butchering
tools. Ironstone seems to have been a component of low-level
exchange networks active during the Late Archaic/Early Woodland time
period in the central Middle Atlantic. |
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1988 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 58(1):26-29 Alternative Uses of the Stone Celt F. Dayton Staats |
| Evidence is presented which suggests that certain so-called "celts"
were used for functions other than chopping or cleaving wood.
Support for several functions is provided from the literature,
including use as "skinning knives", sinewstones, whetstones, wedges,
bark peelers, and chisels. In addition, two celts from the
Upper Delaware Valley, both exhibiting alternative use-wear, are
briefly described. Accordingly, it is suggested that many celts were
multi-functional implements that were handheld, rather than hafted. |
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1988 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 58(1):30-42 Lithic Scatter Sites of the Piedmont Zone of Pennsylvania, Maryland, and Delaware Jay F. Custer |
| Recent archaeological survey in the central Middle Atlantic
Piedmont has identified large numbers and high densities of small
lithic scatter sites. These sites generally consist of fewer than 30
flakes and sometimes contain a biface or projectile point. The
dominant lithic material is quartz. Sites are located throughout
riverine and interior areas. Where temporal affiliation can be
determined, sites predominantly date to the Late Archaic-Middle
Woodland Period. These sites proba bly represent the remains of
short-term resource procurement forays from more permanent
residential base camps. |
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1988 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 58(1):43-60 Native Settlements in the Forks of Delaware, Pennsylvania, in the 18th Century: Archaeological Implications Marshall Becker |
| The daunting task of recognizing the ethnic (cultural) identity
of Native American sites is of prime importance in archaeology. The
general compilation of historical information concerning Native
American settlements occupied during the colonial period enables
archaeologists to determine the cultural origins of accidentally
discovered sites of this period, and also to initiate searches for
them. The discovery and excavation of these early hamlets provides
important direct information concerning the culture history of
specific Native American peoples. The archaeological evidence from
these sites may enable us to "upstream" and assign cultural
identities to prehistoric sites. |
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1988 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 58(1):61-68 |
| In 1966 a large, nearly complete, cordmarked jar was exca vated
at Stanhope Cave in southcentral Ohio. Typological and contextual
associations demonstrate its affiliation with the latter portion of
the Late Woodland period and link it to cultural material recovered
from other sites in the Scioto Ohio Valley area. Nearly complete
vessels for this area and period are rare. The container was
analyzed in terms of manufacturing techniques, style, and function.
Although other interpretations are possible, it is suggested that
the Stanhope jar represents a "cached" cooking vessel. |
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1988 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 58(2):1-29 |
| Five hundred forty-one radiocarbon dates from 149 locations in
Pennsylvania are presented. The majority of dates are from
archaeological contexts although some are derived from
paleoenvironmental contexts (e .g., bogs, river sedi ments, fossil
remains, etc. ). The list was compiled to facilitate archaeological,
geoarchaeological and paleoenvironmental investigations and research
throughout Pennsyl vania and the Mid-Atlantic region. |
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1988 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 58(2):30-32 |
| The discovery of a complete Owasco pottery vessel cached in a
recess among boulders of a rocky ridge in Carbon County,
Pennsylvania is reported. A description of the artifact and the area
where it was found is presented. |
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1988 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 58(2):33-49 |
| Steatite (or soapstone) outcrops in northeastern Maryland and
southeastern Pennsylvania were intensively utilized during portions
of the Late Archaic period (ca. 1900 B.C.- 1200 B . C . ), as
sources of raw material for the manufacture of carved stone bowls. A
recent program of quarry surveys and analysis of existing artifact
collections clarify the technical details of raw material
extraction, manufacturing technique, and tool assemblages for raw
material extraction at each quarry site. Comparative analysis among
the quarries highlights the effect of variable raw material form on
extractive and manufacturing technologies. In addition, analysis of
these steatite quarries and related sites suggests new perspectives
on regional patterns of steatite utilization and exchange. |
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1988 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 58(2):50-56 |
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One half of a bannerstone, or atlatl weight, was recovered during
excavations at Pennsbury Manor, Pennsylvania. The piece is
described, and its presence offers some evidence for the activities
of early hunters along the Delaware River. Mineralogical analysis
provides clues regarding the possibilities of identifying the source
of the stone, which in turn may suggest exchange patterns which
existed long before the coming of the Europeans. |
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