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1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(1-2):1-14
The Implications of Two Recent Radiocarbon Dates from Montrose Point on the Lower Hudson River
Louis A . Brennan
The principal problem of lower Hudson Valley prehistory has been its Archaic Evidence is presented to indicate this resulted, not from lack of evidence , but from a concealment of evidence by inundation and megalopolitan sprawl, and by human distortion of inconclusive evidence from other areas. Data supported by radiocarbon assays indicate that the Archaic pattern originated in the south and spread northward with the moderating climate behind the retreat of the Pleistocene ice, and that it may have coexisted for a time in the north with, but independent from, a Paleo-derived tradition represented by lanceolate-triangular points. The derivation of diverse point types from common time levels casts doubt on the dogma of constructing sequences on differences in projectile point configurations alone.
 
1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(1-2):15-26
Some caches and So-called Caches from Eastern Pennsylvania
Catherine McCann
The purpose of this paper is two-fold: to suggest that the word cache be used more precisely, and to record a few groups of artifacts usually designated by that term. A few deposits of artifacts known as caches are briefly described. All are from eastern Pennsylvania. It is hoped that calling attention to these groups of artifacts, and especially to the inadequacies in our knowledge of them, will lead to more careful field work when such deposits are encountered, and to more adequate reporting of them.
 
1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(1-2):27-61
Two Stratified Alluvial Sites in the Upper Hudson Valley
Robert E. Funk & Philip Lord, Jr.
The Coffin and Church sites, both located on the flood plain of the upper Hudson River, yielded data on buried occupations affiliated with the Orient culture of Long Island. The top level component at Coffin 's represented the Oak Hill stage of Late Woodland ceramic development. There were probable traces of Archaic sojourns at both sites. The Transitional (Orient-like) occupation at Coffin's has acceptable radiocarbon dates of 870 B.C. and 1090 B.C. An anomalous date of 1980 B.C. at the Church Site appears to reflect sample mixture with an Archaic component. Both stations produced useful information on settlement and subsistence patterns.
 
1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(1-2):63-70
Birdstones, Boatstones, and Bar Amulets from the Susquehanna Drainage
Ira F. Smith, III
A record of birdstones, boatstones, and bar amulets was maintained as part of a larger study while examining nearly 65 of the more significant private and institutional collections from the portion of Pennsylvania drained by the various branches of the Susquehanna River. This area includes the Juniata River sub drainage region west into Bedford County, the West Branch Susquehanna west into Clearfield County, the North Branch Susquehanna to the northern border of Bradford County, and the lower Susquehanna to the Pennsylvania-Maryland border. The following tabulation resulted from this survey and from a search of the pertinent literature.
 
1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(3):1-15
The Reflection of Patterned Behavior in Iroquois Pottery Decoration
William Engelbrecht
This study sought ceramic reflection of the formation of the League of the Iroquois. This was not found, and a reading of secondary historic sources that the League was not formed after the period of time covered by the ceramic analysis. Ceramic patterning within and between Iroquois village sites is observed, and it is argued that this patterning reflects female intertribal trade.
 

1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(3):16-30
Everhart Rockshelter
Spencer O. Geasey

This paper is an account of the excavation of a rockshelter in Frederick County, Maryland which bands of people had visited sporadically from Archaic to Late Woodland  times. The varied materials are illustrated and described.
 

1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(3):31-36
Unfinished Triangular Projectile Points or "Humpbacked" Knives
Patrick & Cheryl Ann Munson

Attention is called to a small, triangular chipped stone artifact, herein referred to as a "humpbacked" knife, which occurs commonly in late prehistoric contexts in the upper Ohio Valley but which has previously gone essentially unrecognized in this area. These implements are described and their distribution, age, and cultural associations in the eastern United States are examined.
 

1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(3):37-44
The Rainbow Rocks Petroglyphs Site
James L. Swauger

The Rainbow Rocks Petroglyphs Site (36-Ve-20) is described, illustrated, and discussed in terms of other petroglyph sites in the Upper Ohio Valley.
 

1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(3):45-58
A Small House in Brownsville
Ronald L. Michael

A small log house site close to Fort Burd, English defense work built in 1759 was excavated in expectations of finding 18th century cultural materials. The ambiguity of deeds, wills, tax records, and other legal documents rendered them inconclusive in tracing the history of the house and 1ts occupancy. Implied is the probability that this may be a problem in many historic-site investigations. materials recovered, especially ceramics, inducate a construction date of 1820-1840 for the house, and a modest socio­economic level for its occupants.
 

1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(3):59-69
The Question of Man's Antiquity in the New World: 1840-1927
R . Alan Mounier

This study focuses on the trends of inquiry and controversy that characterized the early research into the problem of man's antiquity in America. As will be seen, opinions concerning this problem were by no means static, nor even in agreement at any time, until the Folsom finds settled the issue.
 

1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(4):1-19
The Eastern Archaic: Commentary and Northern Perspective
William Fitzhugh

Problems in the study of Archaic cultures in the Northeast are discussed. A broad approach of cultural interpretation rather than simply technological or typological studies is urged with special attention being given to environmental data. In particular, the present paper suggests rough correlation of Archaic populations with five environmental zones of the Northeast. Archaic culture area distributions are presented for the Early and Middle Archaic and for several 500 year intervals in the Late Archaic, showing the growth, development, and interrelationships between these regions. The role of the northern mixed forest zone stretching from the  Great Lakes to the Atlantic coast is seen as an important factor in producing the complex cultural geography of these Northeastern Indian populations.
 

1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(4):23-25
A New Look at Brinton's Lenape-English Dictionary
C. A. Weslager

Brinton's well-known Lenape Dictionary, often quoted by Pennsylvania ethnohistorians, must be regarded as a curious example of a collection of words in two Lenape dialects not mutually comprehensible. The finding of a post-publication annotated by the author's chief informant reveals that there are numerous errors in the published dictionary .
 

1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(4):26-28
The Radiocarbon' Date from the Lyman Earthworks (33La2): A Correction and Discussion
James L. Murphy

The previously reported Lyman Site (33La2) radiocarbon date of 2090 B.C. 1s corrected to 2090 B.P. Likewise , in view of the corrected date, the site's position in the Late Prehistoric period is examined.
 

1972 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 42(4):29-35
Non-Triangular Knife Forms from the Late Prehistoric Ryan Site
Richard L. George

The only chipped stone tool type found on published Monongahela trait lists has been triangular projectile points. A knife form found during the 1971 excavation of the Ryan Site, Westmoreland County, Pennsylvania, and called the Ryan Notched Knife is considered to be a Monongahela artifact type. It is that these knives are actually points made originally earlier peoples. The most distinguishing of the knives is the asymmetrical outline accomplished in the preparation of a single or primary edge. Some examples have a tang removed on the same side as the primary edge and some are (humped) on the blade surface.
 
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