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1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(1):1-3
Elk Antler Effigies
Russell Royer
Three specimens of carved elk antler effigies arc discussed. These figurines are believed to be the first examples of their kind found in Pennsylvania: Details of their recovery are given, and their original purpose is conjectured.
 
1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(1):4-18
A Stratified Site At Lake George
Robert E. Funk, Paul Weinman & Thomas P. Weinman
Excavation of the Weinman Site on Lake George, N: Y., is reported. One of the few stratified sites in the Lake George area . The Weinman Site is shown to be of significance in the reevaluation of the developmental chronology in New York. Several other previously excavated sites in the Lake George area are discussed in their relationship to the stratified context data from the Weinman Site. Data from this site also contribute to our current knowledge of the Archaic Stage of .Eastern New York, and has provided the first evidence of a regional late Middle Woodland occupation at Lake George.
 
1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(1):19-24,56
The Late Woodland In Central New York
Charles F. Hayes, III
As more and more investigation is accomplished by a growing number of both professional and non-professional archaeologists in Central New York, it is apparent that there will have to be a reevaluation of the existing state of archaeological knowledge pertinent to the Late Woodland Period. Both the advent of radiocarbon dating and the large number of sites being documented yearly have made the archaeologist aware of an atmosphere of cultural continuity as well as complexity during a period which includes what are termed the Owasco and Prehistoric Iroquois cultures. Together these cultures occupied a time span extending approximately from A.D. 900-1550.
 
1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(1):25-33
On The Recovery Of Burial Number Two At The Sasqua Hill Site, East Norwalk, Connecticut
Bernard W. Powell
The primary, flexed, adult inhumation considered here was removed in toto during the final phase of field work at the coastal Connecticut site called Sasqua Hill. The specimen was excavated and prepared as exhibit material. It is now in the permanent collection of the Museum of the American Indian, Heye Foundation, in New York. Field techniques and methods of preparation are reviewed as a guide to future recovery of such specimens.
 
1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(1):50-56
The Sugar Grove Petroglyphs Site, 36 Gr 5
James L. Swauger
The Sugar Grove Petroglyphs Site, 36 Gr 5, Greene County, Pennsylvania, is described, its motifs detailed, and comparisons made between it and other petroglyph sites studied and published or in press by the author as a result of his present investigation of the petroglyph sites of the Upper Ohio Valley.
 

1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(2):59-73
The Cornplanter Cemetery
George H. Abrams

The Cornplanter Project consisted of a combined study that involved aspects of physical anthropology, archaeology, and ethnology as these related to the disinterment of 361 graves located in Cornplanter Grant Cemetery. The Project was conducted by the State University of New York at Buffalo during the summer of  1964.
 

1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(2):74-92
The Cornplanter Cemetery: Skeletal Analyses
Audrey Sublett

This paper is a report on the osteological information obtained during the pilot study involving the burial relocations at the Cornplanter Cemetery in northern Pennsylvama m the late summer of 1964. The pilot study was conducted and sponsored by the Department of Anthropology of the State University of New York at Buffalo and supported by a National Park Service research grant; it proved successful enough to warrant a much more comprehensive study the following summer at the Allegany Reservation cemeteries in southern New York. We used a combined osteological-archaeological-ethnological approach to gather information concerning modern Seneca physical type, general health, burial patterns and artifact associations. Since a considerable number of the burials were deceased of known sex and age at time of death, we had in this study an invaluable opportunity to test ageing and sexing criteria as used in the laboratory on archaeological remains. The skeletons were studied to learn about the total population profile : demography, stature and proportion, dental patterns,general morphology, genetic variations ( anomalies ), and paleopathology. This provided important comparative data relative to the terminal phase ( the last 150 years ) of an 800-year temporal study of Seneca skeletal remains which had been undertaken for my doctoral dissertation. It helped cast light on biological affinities and microevolutionary changes.
 

1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(2):93-100
The First Petroglyph Found in New Jersey
Herbert C. Kraft

In October 1965 the first, and insofar as is presently known, only petroglyph from NewJersey and the Delaware River Valley came to light on a drought exposed river beach in Walpack Township, Sussex County, New Jersey. The petroglyph bearing 21 beautifully preserved and readily identifiable figures ( some with cup­ shaped heads ) and 12 non-identifiable forms, represents a more easterly extension of this artifact than had heretofore been known. This petroglyph is unique in that its stick-figure art seems to have closer affinities with pictographs found in the western United States rather than with the usual two-dimensional outline figures that appear in Pennsylvania, West Virginia and other neighboring state petroglyphs. The pecked stone, weighing about one-half ton, has been successfully removed to the Seton Hall University Museum to prevent its submersion and irretrievable loss once the Tacks Island Dam is completed.
 

1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(2):101-104
The Elco Hill Petroglyphs Site, 36 Wh 79
James L. Swauger

The Elco Hill Petroglyphs Site, 36 Wh 79, is located, described, and its motifs illustrated. Comments as to its spurious nature are put forth. This account, in addition to its being a documentation of the site, adds to our knowledge concerning the means and details by which petroglyphs not made by American Indians can be properly identified.
 

1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(3-4):105-117
Gromiller Cave
Edgar J. Stackhouse with drawings by A. P. Harshberger

The 1964 excavations at Gromiller Cave, Blair Co., Pa., are described as these were conducted and recorded by various members of  the Sheep Rock Chapter No. 15 of the Society.Objects recovered are listed by provenience units. The character of the cave fill as well as features associated with cave occupations are described. Hypotheses are offered concerning prehistoric cave use patterns and upon the cultural affiliations of the artifacts found.
 

1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(3-4):118-133
The Tocks Island Reservoir Survey in Pennsylvania: A Preliminary Statement
W. Fred Kinsey, III and Barry C. Kent

The Tocks Island Archaeological Survey Project is reported in preliminary form. The Project developed into a multi-site survey of a portion of the Delaware River Valley of Northeastern Pennsylvania. The proposed Tocks Island Reservoir one of the Federal river basin projects currently subject to archaeological investigation, is seen to be centered upon !'n area richly laden with prehistoric sites. A historical review of archaeological work previously accomplished is provided, field methods and problems are discussed, excavations and testings put through by the Survey are reviewed and new data is presented. The Survey and 1ts findings are shown to lend weight to and emphasize the need for further study of the materials recovered as well as the critical need for further site excavations of a specific nature. Time for such urgent excavations is short. Problems of importance are outlined and synthesis statements concerning the long prehistoric continuum are offered. The total Survey record is one that includes evidence which covers the entire span from Paleo-Indian to historic Fort Hyndshaw. Major representations are particularly marked for the Archaic and the Late Woodland periods.
 

1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(3-4):134-138
The "Small Stemmed Point" in New England
William A. Ritchie

The writer's excavations to date on the Horn­ blower II Site, and two other stratified sites on Martha's Vineyard, Massachusetts, have contributed significant new data to the problem of coastal ecology and adaptation in the Northeast. They have also laid the firm foundations of a radiocarbon dated cultural sequence ranging from Late Archaic to Late Woodland in southern New England. The "small stemmed point" has been given a much broader provenience than appears to be the case in eastern New York, with which the Martha's Vineyard sequence can be shown to be in part correlative.
 

1965 Pennsylvania Archaeologist 35(3-4):139-160
The Archaic of the Hudson Valley-New Evidence and New Interpretations
Robert E. Funk

The considerable mass of new data accumulated by the writer and other researchers work ing in the Hudson River Valley since 1958 has led him to suggest a cultural-historical framework for the Archaic Stage. This framework incorporates certain revisions of the areal scheme first proposed by Ritchie (1958) and subsequently developed by him in further publication (1965). The proposed sequence is based upon stratigraphy and begins in the upper Hudson Valley with the Vergennes Complex of the Laurentian Tradition. Material that probably represents an analogous Laurentian or Laurentian-like  manifestation in the lower Valley has been radiocarbon dated in excess of 4600 B.C. This material came from the lowest levels of the Sylvan Lake Rockshelter near Poughkeepsie.
 
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